Document Type
Article
Department or Administrative Unit
Geological Sciences
Publication Date
1-6-2015
Abstract
Extracting geophysical signals from Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinate time-series is a well-established practice that has led to great insights into how the Earth deforms. Often small discontinuities are found in such time-series and are traceable to either broad-scale deformation (i.e. earthquakes) or discontinuities due to equipment changes and/or failures. Estimating these offsets accurately enables the identification of coseismic deformation estimates in the former case, and the removal of unwanted signals in the latter case which then allows tectonic rates to be estimated more accurately. We develop a method to estimate accurately discontinuities in time series of GPS positions at specified epochs, based on a so-called ‘offset series’. The offset series are obtained by varying the amount of GPS data before and after an event while estimating the offset. Two methods, a mean and a weighted mean method, are then investigated to produce the estimated discontinuity from the offset series. The mean method estimates coseismic offsets without making assumptions about geophysical processes that may be present in the data (i.e. tectonic rate, seasonal variations), whereas the weighted mean method includes estimating coseismic offsets with a model of these processes. We investigate which approach is the most appropriate given certain lengths of available data and noise within the time-series themselves. For the Sumatra–Andaman event, with 4.5 yr of pre-event data, we show that between 2 and 3 yr of post-event data are required to produce accurate offset estimates with the weighted mean method. With less data, the mean method should be used, but the uncertainties of the estimated discontinuity are larger.
Recommended Citation
J.-P. Montillet, S. D. P. Williams, A. Koulali, S. C. McClusky, Estimation of offsets in GPS time-series and application to the detection of earthquake deformation in the far-field, Geophysical Journal International, Volume 200, Issue 2, February, 2015, Pages 1207–1221, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggu473
Journal
Geophysical Journal International
Rights
© The Authors 2015.
Included in
Geomorphology Commons, Geophysics and Seismology Commons, Tectonics and Structure Commons
Comments
This article has been accepted for publication in Geophysical Journal International ©: 2015 the authors. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
The full-text article from the publisher can be found here.